Paeoniflorin inhibits proliferation of endometrial cancer cells via activating MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways

Paeoniflorin (PAE), a principal bioactive component of Paeonia lactiflora Pall., appears to have antitumor properties. However, the pharmacological activity of PAE in endometrial cancer and the specific mechanisms have remained largely elusive. The present study aimed to determine the antitumor activity of PAE in the human endometrial cancer cell line RL95-2 and explore the potential mechanisms. Cell proliferation was assessed to evaluate the antitumor effect of PAE towards RL95-2 cells via a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Protein expression was examined to investigate changes in the signaling pathways of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB in RL95-2 cells during PAE treatment by western blot analysis. The results revealed that PAE significantly and dose- and time-dependently inhibited the proliferation of RL95-2 cells. In addition, PAE activated MAPK signaling pathways (p38, JNK and ERK) and the NF-κB signaling pathway. Furthermore, p38 MAPK and NF-κB inhibitors (SB203580 and MG-132, respectively) prevented PAE-induced proliferative inhibition in RL95-2 cells. However, ERK and JNK inhibitors (PD98059 and BI-78D3, respectively) did not produce such an inhibition. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that PAE exerts its anti-proliferative activity via activating p38 MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways in endometrial cancer cells, providing a potential new drug of choice for endometrial cancer therapy.